摘要：The dynamic behaviors of collective cells play a significant role in many physiological and pathological processes,e.g.,embryonic development and cancer metastasis.In this talk,theoretical models,numerical simulations,and experimental measurements are combined to investigate the dynamics of collective cells[1-5].First,cell division is the most fundamental process in embryonic development,tissue morphogenesis,and tumor growth.Experiments have suggested that mitotic cell division is regulated by intercellular cues.However,it remains unclear how cell-cell junctions affect the spindle machinery that determines the dividing orientation of cells.We establish a dynamic cell division model to explore the coupling of mechanical and chemical mechanisms,including cortical cell polarity,microtubule kinetics,cellular stiffness,internal osmotic pressure,and cell-cell junctions[2].The model reveals that the distributed forces of astral microtubules play a key role in encoding the instructive cell-cell junctional cues to orient the division of a rounded mitotic cell.By comparing with relevant experimental observations,we show that the model can not only predict the spindle orientation and positioning,but also capture the physical mechanisms of cell rounding.This work sheds light on the biophysical linkage between the cell cortex and the mitotic spindle,and holds potential applications in regulating cell division and sculpting tissue morphology.Second,collective cell migration occurs in a diversity of physiological processes such as wound healing,cancer metastasis,and embryonic morphogenesis.In the collective context,cohesive cells may move as a translational solid,swirl as a fluid,or even rotate like a disk,with scales ranging from several to dozens of cells.An active vertex model is presented to explore the regulatory roles of social interactions of neighboring cells and environmental confinements in collective cell migration in a confluent monolayer[2,3].It is found that the competition between two kinds of intercellular socia

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