摘要:缺血性股骨头坏死是由多种原因引起的股骨头血液供应不畅,使得股骨头骨质细胞缺血、变性、坏死,进而引起股骨头对坏死区域进行修复,坏死的骨质、骨小梁被吸收,使得股骨头骨质减少、骨小梁塌陷、力学强度减低,表现为股骨头变小、变扁,髋关节的关节面变狭窄。缺血性股骨头坏死有不同种类,目前主要根据其严重程度分为Ficat 0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期。Ficat 0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ期由于病情轻,股骨头骨小梁破坏较少,多采用保守疗法,而Ficat Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者临床症状严重,股骨头破坏程度大,需多种治疗手段。本文主要对FicatⅢ、Ⅳ期缺血性股骨头坏死患者的治疗方法作一综合性叙述,以期为临床治疗方法的选择提供一定的思路。
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